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Remuneration per copy-page
The basic rate is (2008) The rate per copy-page under central agreements and model agreements is subject to negotiation in each individual case, and Kopinor can grant certain discounts based on e.g. the cost of administrating the agreement, the distribution of the costs of statistical surveys and the types of materials or sources. |
Conditions and limitationsThe agreements that Kopinor is party to, generally allow photocopying for internal use only, i.e. use within the institution or organisation covered by the agreement, not for public distribution or sale in the market place. Another fundamental restriction in the agreements is that a user may copy e.g. only a certain portion of a book or similar publication. For instance, a university may only copy 15 %, or one whole chapter or similar section, per person per year from a textbook if the textbook is still available in the shops or from the publishers. Material which is particularly vulnerable to copying, such as sheet music, is protected by even stricter regulations. The user may, however, copy from newspapers, magazines and other periodicals without any page limits, as long as remuneration is paid. Following an interim arrangement (until end 2009), the agreements in the municipal sector (schools and local government) also allow digital copying. |
Kopinor’s collections for reprography in 2007 totalled NOK 222,9 million. Approx. 12 % of the fees collected were used to cover Kopinor's operating costs. The rest is distributed to Norwegian and foreign rightsholders.
The entire educational sector are covered by reprographic remuneration agreements with Kopinor.
Municipalities and county municipalities
All the country's municipalities and county municipalities are covered by reprographic remuneration agreements. This includes elementary, lower and upper secondary schools, municipal music and cultural schools. These agreements also cover digital copying.
The State administration
The State administration (including the Armed Forces), the courts and the Storting (the Norwegian parliament) are covered by a reprographic remuneration agreement with Kopinor.
Universities and colleges
All public and private universities and university colleges have signed reprographic remuneration agreements based on a model agreement negotiated with the Norwegian Council for Higher Education.
Private schools, folk high schools and adult learning associations
Private schools are covered by a model agreement through four federations for private schools. Folk high schools are covered through agreements with the Norwegian Council for Folk High Schools (a folk high school is a residential college with no formal degrees or exams). The Norwegian Association for Adult Education has signed a central agreement on behalf of adult learning associations.
The Examination Agreement
The agreement regarding the photocopying of copyright material used in connection with examination papers (the Examination Agreement) entails that Kopinor invoices the State, as represented by the Directorate for Primary and Secondary Education, for each work used, then pays rightsholders individual remuneration. Works used for the national literacy tests are also cleared through the Examination Agreement.
A majority of the joint councils/congregation councils are covered by Kopinor's reprographic remuneration agreement with the Church of Norway. The Church of Norway's Employer’s Organisation (KA) is the other party to the agreement.
The agreement with Norway's Free Church Council on photocopying by the Council's eleven affiliates continues to apply. Kopinor is currently working to garner more support for the agreement from individual congregations.
Kopinor's agreements with organisations and business and industry encompass about 20 000 individual enterprises with an estimated 700 000 employees.
Central agreements
Most of the agreements have been negotiated with confederations and amalgamations, e.g. the Confederation of Norwegian Business and Industry (NHO), the Employers' Association Spekter and the Norwegian Financial Services Association (FNH).
Agreements with individual enterprises
Kopinor has about 1500 reprographic reproduction agreements with individual enterprises, organisations and institutions not affiliated with the main confederations covered by agreements with Kopinor. They use one of Kopinor's standard agreements for businesses.
Kopinor also offers reprographic reproduction agreements that authorise press clippings, etc. The copies are only licensed for reproduction on paper by the end user.
Music organisations
The agreement with The Norwegian Band Federation allows copying of purchased material. The member bands may produce, under certain conditions, work copies and supplementary copies of sheet music.