	Copying agreements
	Photocopying agreement - universities and colleges
	Kopinor's Rights Clearance Service
	Bilateral agreements
	Statistical surveys

Copying agreements

»	Extended Collective License

Remuneration per copy-page

The basic rate is (2006)
NOK 0.654 per copy-page
for the production of paper copies for in-house use by businesses. The rates for overhead transparencies and video projector presentations are priced separately.

The rate per copy-page under central agreements and model agreements is subject to negotiation in each individual case, and Kopinor can grant certain discounts based on e.g. the cost of administrating the agreement, the distribution of the costs of statistical surveys and the types of materials or sources.

Conditions and limitations

The agreements that Kopinor is party to, generally allow photocopying for internal use only, i.e. use within the institution or organisation covered by the agreement, not for public distribution or sale in the market place.

Another fundamental restriction in the agreements is that a user may copy e.g. only a certain portion of a book or similar publication. For instance, a university may only copy 15 %, or one whole chapter or similar section, per person per year from a textbook if the textbook is still available in the shops or from the publishers. Material which is particularly vulnerable to copying, such as sheet music, is protected by even stricter regulations. The user may, however, copy from newspapers, magazines and other periodicals without any page limits, as long as remuneration is paid.

Kopinor’s collections for reprography in 2005 totalled NOK 195,0 million. Approx. 11 % of the fees collected were used to cover Kopinor's operating costs. The rest is distributed to Norwegian and foreign rightsholders.

Education and the public administration

The entire educational sector are covered by reprographic remuneration agreements with Kopinor.

Municipalities and county municipalities

All the country's municipalities and county municipalities are covered by reprographic remuneration agreements. This includes elementary, lower and upper secondary schools, municipal music and cultural schools.

There are unresolved matters regarding the copying agreement between Kopinor and The Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities (KS). These matters will be decided by the Remuneration Tribunal in 2007.

The State administration

The State administration (including the Armed Forces), the courts and the Storting (the Norwegian parliament) are covered by a reprographic remuneration agreement with Kopinor.

Universities and colleges

All public and private universities and university colleges have signed reprographic remuneration agreements based on a model agreement negotiated with the Norwegian Council for Higher Education.

Private schools, folk high schools and adult learning associations

Private schools are covered by a model agreement through four federations for private schools. Folk high schools are covered through agreements with the Norwegian Council for Folk High Schools (a folk high school is a residential college with no formal degrees or exams). The Norwegian Association for Adult Education has signed a central agreement on behalf of adult learning associations.

The Examination Agreement

The agreement regarding the photocopying of copyright material used in connection with examination papers (the Examination Agreement) entails that Kopinor invoices the State, as represented by the Directorate for Primary and Secondary Education, for each work used, then pays rightsholders individual remuneration. Works used for the national literacy tests are also cleared through the Examination Agreement.

Churches, religious communities, etc.

A majority of the joint councils/congregation councils are covered by Kopinor's reprographic remuneration agreement with the Church of Norway. The Church of Norway's Employer’s Organisation (KA) is the other party to the agreement.

The agreement with Norway's Free Church Council on photocopying by the Council's eleven affiliates continues to apply. Kopinor is currently working to garner more support for the agreement from individual congregations.

Business and industry/organisations

Kopinor's agreements with business and industry and organisations encompass about 20 000 individual enterprises with an estimated 700 000 employees.

Central agreements

Most of the agreements have been negotiated with confederations and amalgamations, e.g. the Confederation of Norwegian Business and Industry (NHO), the Employers' Association NAVO and the Norwegian Financial Services Association (FNH).

Agreements with individual enterprises

Kopinor has about 1500 reprographic reproduction agreements with individual enterprises, organisations and institutions not affiliated with the main confederations covered by agreements with Kopinor. They use one of Kopinor's standard agreements for businesses.

Kopinor also offers reprographic reproduction agreements that authorise press clippings, etc. The copies are only licensed for reproduction on paper by the end user.

8 October 2007

Editor: Trond Smith-Meyer

Address: Stenersgata 1A, N-0050 Oslo, Norway
Tel.: (+47) 22 17 94 17
E-mail: